Simultaneously, socio-economic grievances and its importance as an employer continue to push the military into Egypt’s domestic politics. The military is historically tied to politics and remains a highly popular institution in Egyptian society. With the tenth anniversary of the Arab Spring uprising approaching, it has become clear that civil–military relations, infrastructure development, and population growth remain three interrelated challenges for Egypt that have persisted throughout the last decade. Abdel Fattah el-Sisi came to power after the military ousted President Morsi in July 2013 following widespread protests and strikes.
